Explosive-engine.



'F. H. mm.

EX'PLSIVYE ENGINE. y

AvrucATloN man ma. l5. 191s. Y

Patented Jan. 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

INVENTGR a F. H. IREM. ExPLSWE Emmi. AIPPLICM'ION HLED FEW. l5. MM5.

Patented Jan; in, 1919.

5 SHEETS sum 2 WITN SSES wf WWW/@7 UUE; l

F. H.- T HEAT.- EXPLO'S-IVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.15. 1915.

Patented Jan. 19M.

, Y. H. mm. EXIFLSWE MEINE.

' I Mmmm rmnfmu, sansa. l ,290,413m

Patntd Jun. Tf", i919' 5 HEETS-SHIEET 4.

BH. THEMA EXPLOSWE ENGINE.

APPLcAnoN mio ria. x5. w15.

MTN Essais MW ./1 l.'

l Patented Jun-7,1919.-

`5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

INVENTOR runners n. Tahar, or crnvurann, onto.

nnrtosrvn-nnornn inedita.

l To all wizin it'mayconccrn:

' citizen of the United Be it known that 1, Fieivcrs linrar, a

otates, residing at Cleveland, Cuyahoga county, Uhio, have in- .vented anew and useful improvement in Firplosivedngines, oft which the'following is a full, clear, and exact description, reifer Fig. 3..

bil

ence' being had to the accompanying dravvings, forming part. oit .thisspecilication, in vvhich- Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section otan engine embodying my. invention, the plane of section being taken onthe line inl' 'of Fig. 2. u

Fig. 92 is a section on the irregular line UMH ot' Fig- 1, with some ofthe parts below the plane ont section omitted.'

Fig. 3 is a plan viewr ot the rotary valve with its journal pprtionsbroken avvay. y

Fig. d is a section on the line IV--1V-0 F ige. 5 and are sectionstaken, respectively, on the lines ,Fl-V and V1-#V1 of Fig.

Figs. four diderent ositions of the valves relatively to one o the mainpistons. i

F ig. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view through the valve casing.4

Fig. 12 is-a sectional view similar to a por tion of F ig. 1, butshowing a modified con-- ystructon of the rotary valve.

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section ofthe rotary valve of Fig. 19t-and otits casing,and

Fig. 1d is a crosssection on the line XlW-Xlll of Fig. 13.

My invention has relationto explosive-engines of the general typedescribed and claimed, in my `Fatent No. 938,401 ber 26, 1909, in whicha piston valve is employed to control a combined inlet and eX- haustpassage for the engine cylinder.

The present invention is designed to im prove and `simplify the valvemechanism whereby the engine is more particularly adapted for use onvehicles.

1n accordance with my present invention the auxiliary cylinder, and thepiston valve working in said cylinder and connected to the half-speedshaft, instead of 'being arranged at the end of the main cylinder, arearranged parallel with the axis of the main cylinder. 1 also cooperationwith this piston valvea single auniliary inlet and. exhaust controlvalve,

V i sneeuwman or :tetta-s raient.

7, 8, 9 and 10 are diagrams showyving as indicated at' 15,

provide in combination and` g Patented d' an. 7, 1919..

' Vmialienation. tiled February 15, 1915. Serial No. 3,13%.

reference to the accompanying draw'in s, in

which l have shown a preferred em odi` ment thereof and which will novvAbe described, it being premisedhowever, that various changes can be madein the details of construction and arrangement lof the parts vWithoutdeparting from the spirit and scope olf my invention, as defined in theappended c aims.

. ln these drawings l have shown my inf' vention as applied to amultiplecylinder enu gine having 2c. These cylinders are shown asprovided with the usual Water jackets 3. 4 isa main cra'nlr shaft of theengine and 5 a half-speed shaft which maybe driven from a shaft 4; inany suitable manner, as by means of the gears 6 and 'Z (shown in dottedlines in Fig.

the four cylinders 2, 2, 2b and i Btl 1 and also shown in Fig. 2). 8designates b 'the main piston inthe cylinder 2 and 9 its rodl or pitmanconnecting it with the shaft i. v designates the auxiliary cylinderswhich, as above stated, are placed parallel' to the axis of the maincylinders, there being one of these auxiliary cylinders for each maincylinder. Each ,auxiliary cylinder communicates with the explosionchamber of the adjacent main cylinder by the passage 11. 12 designatesthe piston valve in one of the cylinders 10; and 13 its rod or pit manconnecting it with a crank ot the halfspeed shaft 5. A 1d designates avalve casing of general cylindrical form, preferably Water jacketed,

and which communicates Witheach auxiliary cylinder 10 by means of a port16 at one side thereof. The rotary valve which Works in the casing 14eis com mon to all four cylinders and consists of a hollow body portion17 having the four ports 18 at equidistant intervals along its lengthand having their centers 900 apart circumterentially. Each endportion'of this valve has a head 19 of 'cylindrical form; and

in each of these heads 1s a circumferential roove 20 Which comunicatesWiththe 1nby a plurality of terior of the hollow valve of the valve hasradial ports 21. Each end llil a journal extension 22 which ispreferably mounted on ball bearings 23 in the casin portions 24, accessto these bearings being ha by the removable caps 25. The hollow end ofthe valve body is shown as closed by a screw plug 26. The valve casing14 has a chamber 27 surrounding and in communication with each of thegrooves 20. The explosive mixture is conducted into these chambers 27from an inlet connection 28, which has a branch port 29 leading to eachchamber 27.Y The valve casing 14 also has an exhaust port 30.

31 is a crank casing inclosing the halfspeed shaft 5 and communicatingat 32 with the main crank shaft casing The opening at 32 is a largeopening and suflicient lubricant will be splashed up through thisopening from the main crank casing to keep the piston valve 12 anditscylinder thoroughly lubricated at all times. Some of this lubricantwill also find its way into the bearings of the rotary valve.

The rotary valve may be driven in various ways,.as by a chainconne'ction34 from the half-speed shaft (se`eI1`igs. l and 2).

Theoperation is as follows:

The explosivemixture entering into the end chambers 27 of the rotarycasing passes freely at 'all times` into the interior of the rotaryvalve Vthrough the radial ports 21; and is discharged from this valveinto the respective engine cylinders under control of the said valve andof the piston valve 12. The exhaust from the engine cylinders, undercontrol ofv the rotary valve and thee valves 12 passes out into theinterior of the valve casing 14 `into the space therein surrounding therotary valve, and thence to the exhaust opening 30. The operation ineach complete cycle for each cylinder will be -best understood byreference to Figs. 7, 8, 9

and 10. Fig. 7 shows the parts in the position they occupy at the end ofthe explosive stroke and lwhen the main piston 8 is substantially on orpassing dead center. At this time, the auxiliary piston 12 of thiscylinder is moving downwardly and is just about to uncover the port 16leading into the valve casin 14; so that during the next instroke of t episton 8, the port 16 will be open 4 for exhaust. At this time, therotary valveis in position where its inlet port is cut off by the valvecasing, as shown.

Fig. 8 represents the position of the parts at vthe end ot' the exhauststroke and just as the main piston 8-is passingits in-center. At thistime the piston valve 12 is moving in the reverse direction with theport 16 Wide open and the inlet port 18 of the rotary valve just coming-into register with said port 16. p ,s

Fig. 9 shows the position of the parts as they piston is passing itsout-center 'after completing the inlet stroke. At this time,

the inlet port' 18 of the rotary valve is piston valve i s just aboutclosed off and the to close the port 1 Fig. 10 shows the positions ofthe parts at the time of the explosion. At this time the piston valve isat the maximum of its therefore, in its most effective position toreceive in an endwise direction the force of the explosion. I

In Figs. 12, 13 and 14, I have shown a modified construction of therotary valve and its casing.

In the construction shown in these figures, the valve is provided with acentral exhaust chamber 35 having a plurality of peripheral ports 36,the centers of which are approximately apart and which are adapted to besuccessively brought into register with the ports 37 leading into theauxiliary cylinder. The valve also has a surrounding chamber 38 for theexplosive mixture, with peripheral ports 39 also having their centers'90' apart and arranged to be successively brought into register withthe ports 37 of the auxiliary cylinders. The explosive mixture issupplied to the chamber 38 from the admission chamber 40 through theeripheral admission ports 41, the cham er 40 opening throughtheWater-jacketed casing 42. The explosive fiuid flows into the chamber38' which is kept `constantly illed with the mixture and from thenceinto the respective cylinders at proper times. The ex' haust in thecylinders goes through the ports 36 into the central chamber 35 and maybe let of through a suitable connection' with one end of the valve, at43 (Fig. 13).

My invention provides a very simple and lot eflcient valve mechanism fora multiple? cylinder four cycle' engine. valves receive the full forceof the explosions, thus entirely relievin the rotary valve which hasonly to do with very .light pressures and can be fitted to rotate freelyin its end bearings. The piston valves also initially control the 'ointsof cut-off and exhaust. Theenti'rec nstruction is a simple and compactone welladapted to portable engines.

I claim:

1. In an explosivee'ngine ofthe four-cycle type, a cylinder having anexplosion chambera piston in said cylinder, presentingits The piston vend surface to -the explosion chamber, an f distance ot less thanone-half the circum.

Laconia terence of the"auxiliary cylinder, a piston said auxiliarycylinder-,also presenting its end snrfacejto. the explosion chamber, andhaving actuating connection arranged 'to move it te a position in which"itwill seal said port and the'explosion chamber during thecompressionand the explosion periodsfand a single rotary valve, in said rotaryvalve chamber, having separate inlet and exhaust ports, and a rotatingconnection whereby` said portsl will be` alternately brought intoregistry with the aforesaid vcombined inlet and exhaust port each duri'g.lh-0 Correspondlgpods of the four stroke the said "port connects, apiston in said' auxiliary cylinder, the last named piston hravingactuating connections arranged to 'move it tongaJ -ypi'isition in iwhichits end surface'will seal the said port and explosion chamber during thecompression and explosion periods of the engine, a combined'inlet andexhaust prtleading fromone side of the yauxiliary cylinder, and a singlerotary valve controlling said port and having inltally as described.

iet and eithaustports, `extending:

transversely a distance less than one-half the circumference-of theauxiliary piston, sub stantially as described. i

3.l Iiifm explosive engine 'of the four-cycle typc`,a cylinder having asingle combined inlet and exhaust port leadingrnto itsoexits axisextending inthe same general irection. as the axis uf .the main cylinderand v*with an end of which the said port connects, a piston in saidauxiliary cylinder, the last named piston having actu ating connectionsarranged to move it to a position 1n which its-"end surface will seal ithe said port and explosion chamber during 'thecoinpression andexplosion periods ci the engine, a combined inlet and exhaust portleading from one side of the auxiliary cylinder, and .a single rotary`valve contro ling said port 4 and having inlet, and exhaust ports, saidauxiliary cylinder being open at its inner; end and communcatin througha closurewith the lubricant cham r of the crank case of themain'cylinder, substanlplosion chamber, a piston therein, an auxil-`1ary cylinder-at one side of thevmam cylm- P der -a'nd .havin In'testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. j

- FRANCIS H. TREAT Witnesses:

HARRY Rl TnMrLn'roN,

KENNETH R. KING.

